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1.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 56: e18371, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132038

ABSTRACT

This study aims to investigate chemical composition of essential oils from Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack (Rutaceae) ripe and unripe fruits and determine their in vitro antibacterial activity. Essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation from Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack ripe and unripe fruits collected in the Cerrado, in Rio Verde, southwestern Goiás, Brazil. They were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Sesquiterpenes, which represent the most abundant class of compounds in oils, predominated in both ripe and unripe fruits. Major constituents of essential oils extracted from ripe fruits (RF-EO) were (-caryophyllene (21.3%), (-ylangene (13.3%), germacrene-D (10.9%) and (-zingiberene (9.7%) whereas the ones of unripe fruits (UF-EO) were sesquithujene (25.0%), (-zingiberene (18.2%), germacrene-D (13.1%) and (-copaene (12.7%). In vitro antibacterial activity of essential oils was evaluated in terms of its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values by the broth microdilution method in 96-well microplates. Both essential oils under investigation showed moderate anti-streptococcal activity against the following bacteria: Streptococcus mutans, S. mitis, S. sanguinis, S. sobrinus and S. salivarius. MIC values ranged between 100 and 400 µg/mL. Regarding the antimycobacterial activity, essential oils from M. paniculata (L.) Jack unripe and ripe fruits were active against Mycobacterium kansasii (MIC = 250 µg/mL), moderately active against M. tuberculosis (MIC = 500 µg/mL) and inactive against M. avium (MIC = 2000 µg/mL). This study was pioneer in revealing similar chemical profiles of both essential oils extracted from Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack unripe and ripe fruits, besides describing their in vitro anti-streptococcal and antimycobacterial activities.


Subject(s)
In Vitro Techniques/methods , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Rutaceae/anatomy & histology , Murraya/classification , Fruit/anatomy & histology , Streptococcus mutans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Chromatography, Gas/instrumentation , Mycobacterium kansasii , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods , Mycobacterium/classification
2.
Rev. bras. plantas med ; 16(3): 534-538, jul.-set. 2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-722273

ABSTRACT

The present study is pioneer in analyzing the chemical composition of the essential oil from aerial parts of Turnera subulata Sm. and evaluates their antibacterial activity against a panel of drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. The aerial parts were kiln-dried and then powdered in mechanical mill, and was subjected to hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus. The components were analyzed using a mass spectrometrycoupled gas chromatography (GC-MS), and the identification of substances was performed by comparison of the mass spectra obtained with the mass spectra of the database of the GC-MS and retention indices . The essential oil was evaluated using the method of broth dilution at concentrations ranging from 3.125µg/mL to 3200µg/mL. It was possible to identify 45 substances (92.1%) of the essential oils, and the major components were trans-caryophyllene (6.7%), citronellol (5.6%), sphatulenol (5.3%), α-cadinol (4.3%), n-tricosano (4.3%), geraniol (4.1%) and trans-geranilacetone (3.7%), n-pentacosano (3.5%), globulol (3.4%), caryophyllene oxide (3.2%). The essential oil of T. subulata Sm. showed effective antibacterial activity for the various strains of S. aureus tested, with the MIC values between 25 µg/mL and 1600 µg/mL. The study of the essential oil of Turnera subulata Sm. showed that it consists of a complex mixture of several classes of compounds having the sesquiterpenes as major constituents followed by monoterpenes, and showed an antibacterial activity significant front the strains tested.


O presente estudo é pioneiro em analisar a composição química dos óleos essenciais das partes aéreas de Turnera subulata Sm. e sua atividade antibacteriana frente à Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a antibióticos. As partes aéreas da planta foram secas em estufa, pulverizadas em moinho mecânico e submetidas à hidrodestilaçao em aparato tipo Clevenger. A composição dos óleos essenciais foi analisada por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas (CG-EM), e a identificação realizada por comparação dos espectros de massas com a biblioteca do CG-EM e índices de retenção. A atividade antimicrobiana do óleo essencial foi avaliada usando o método de diluição em caldo, em concentrações que variaram de 3.125µg/mL to 3200µg/mL. Foi possível identificar 45 substâncias (92,1%) do óleo essencial, sendo os componentes majoritários: trans-cariofileno (6,7%), citronelol (5,6%), espatulenol (5,3%), α-cadinol (4,3%), n-tricosano (4,3%), geraniol (4,1%) e trans-geranilacetona (3,7%), n-pentacosano (3,5%), globulol (3,4%) e óxido de cariofileno (3,2%). O óleo essencial de T. subulata Sm. mostrou atividade antibacteriana eficaz para as várias cepas de S. aureus testadas, com valores de CIM entre 25 µg/mL e 1600 µg/mL. O estudo do óleo essencial de Turnera subulata Sm. evidenciou sua complexa mistura, contendo várias classes de substâncias, tendo os sesquiterpenos como constituintes majoritários seguido dos monoterpenos, e mostrou significativa atividade antibacteriana frente as cepas testadas.


Subject(s)
Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Turnera/metabolism , Mass Spectrometry/instrumentation , Staphylococcus aureus/pathogenicity , Chromatography, Gas/instrumentation , Plant Components, Aerial/metabolism
3.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 78(1): 23-29, Mar. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-422258

ABSTRACT

Uma membrana tubular de PTFE permeável a espécies gasosas foi empregada como sonda em sistemas de análises em fluxo visando a proposta de uma estratégia de amostragem não invasiva. Como aplicação, foi selecionada a determinação espectrofotométrica de etanol em bebidas alcoólicas. A sonda é imersa na amostra, permitindo que o analito se difunda através desta e seja coletado pelo fluxo aceptor (solução ácida de dicromato), levando à formação de Cr(III), o qual é monitorado a 600 nm. Linearidade da curva analítica é verificada até 50,0% (v/v) de etanol (r > 0,998; n = 8), derivas de linha base são menores do que 0,005 absorbância durante períodos de 4 horas de operação e a velocidade analítica é de 30 h-1 o que corresponde a 0.6 mmol K2Cr2O7 por determinação. Os resultados são precisos (d.p.r. < 2%) e concordantes com aqueles obtidos por um método oficial.


Subject(s)
Alcoholic Beverages/analysis , Chromatography, Gas/instrumentation , Ethanol/analysis , Diffusion , Feasibility Studies , Spectrophotometry
4.
Acta toxicol. argent ; 9(2): 86-91, dic. 2001. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-356503

ABSTRACT

El Senecio grisebachii es una planta de amplia distribución en el nordeste argentino que causa intoxicaciones en animales. En nuestro trabajo se alimentaron ratones con flores y hojas secas (20 por ciento de la ración) El vegetal causó intoxicación que se manisfestó por cambios en el comportamiento, perdida de peso y la histopatología revelò megalocitos y degeneración hidrópìca en zona centro lobulillar y periportal con mayor tiempo de consumo del vegetal. De distintas partes del vegetal se aislaron compuestos volátiles aún no detectados en esta planta, analizados por cromatografía gaseosa e identificados por espectrometría de masas. Los componentes identificados fueron: indol, b-mirceno, o-cimeno, ylangeno, cariofileno y a-cariofileno, que podrían sumarse a los tóxicos ya conocidos, los alcaloides pirrolizidinicos.


Subject(s)
Mice , Chromatography, Gas/instrumentation , Liver/injuries , Mice , Senecio
5.
Rev. bras. toxicol ; 13(2): 41-8, dez. 2000. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-289007

ABSTRACT

A sensibilidade das moscas Drosophila melanogaster a deltametrina e seu uso no biomonitoramento dos resíduos do inseticida em couve, foram avaliados. Nas condições do bioensaio, método do filme seco emplaca de Petri, a deltametrina se degrada em função da temperatura e do tempo de exposição. Os bioensaios com D. melanogaster indicaram que a toxidade da deltametrina aumenta com a temperatura (20 a 35oC). Os valores da CL50, calculados em função da temperatura, variaram entre 0,35 a 0,72 µg/g para machos e 0,34 e 0,96 µg/g para fêmeas


Subject(s)
Biological Assay , Brassica , Drosophila melanogaster/drug effects , Insecticides/toxicity , Pesticide Residues , Chromatography, Gas/instrumentation , Indicators and Reagents , Solvents
6.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 58(1): 91-6, 1999. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-242491

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho descreve o estudo de um método de análise por cromatografia gasosa para determinaçäo simultânea de dietilpropiona e femproporex presents em formulaçöes indicadas para regime de emagrecimento. Este método foi aplicado em 03 (três) fórmulas diferentes, constituídas de fármacos em quantidades que variam dentro da faixa mais comumente prescrita. O método consistiu da extraçäo dos fármacos com diclorometano em meio alcalino, seguida da análise por cromatografia gasosa usando a fenilpropanolamina como padräo interno. Foi observada a separaçäo das substâncias, dietilpropiona e femproporex, com tempo de retençäo de 3,7 e 4,3 minutos, respectivamente. O coeficiente máximo de variaçäo do m[etodo para dietilpropiona foi de 2,28 (por cento) e para femproporex 2,41(por cento)


Subject(s)
Chromatography, Gas/instrumentation , Anti-Obesity Agents/analysis , Diethylpropion , Amphetamines/analysis , Food, Formulated/analysis
7.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 30(1): 19-29, mar. 1996. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-177462

ABSTRACT

Se ha utilizado la técnica de muestreo de la fase vapor en equilibrio con matrices líquidas (Static Headspace Analysis, Static HSA) para el estudio de orinas provenientes de niños normales y de pacientes diabéticos. El análisis de los componentes volátiles extraídos a 80 ñ 2º C se efectuó por cromatografía gaseosa empleando una columna rellena con "Porapak Q". Se demuestra que la expresión gráfica de los resultados mediante "perfiles cromatográficos", constituye una forma rápida de caracterizar y diferenciar individuos normales y diabéticos. Se destacan las ventajas de aplicación de esta técnica para contribuir al diagnóstico de algunas patologías matabólicas


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Acetone/urine , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Chromatography, Gas/methods , Ketone Bodies/urine , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis , Chromatography, Gas/statistics & numerical data , Chromatography, Gas/instrumentation , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/urine , Diabetes Mellitus/urine
8.
New Egyptian Journal of Medicine [The]. 1992; 6 (4): 1104-8
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-25438

ABSTRACT

The official pesticide extraction techniques for complex matrices such as fat and tissues are tedious to perform, multi-step and can result in extracts containing interferences that can complicate the analysis. A new multiresidue technique for the extraction and quantitative gas chromatographic screening of 9 insecticides [lindane, heptachlor, aldrin, heptachlor epoxide, p, p['] DDE, dieldrin, endrin, p, p['] DDD and p, p['] DDT] as residues in chicken fat is presented. The 9 insecticides, plus dibutyl chlorendate internal standard, were fortified into half gram chicken fat and blended with 2 g C 18 [octadecylsilyl derivatized silica reversed phase material]. The C18/fat matrix blend was fashioned into a column by adding the blend to a 10 ml syringe barrel containing 2 g activated florisil. The insecticides were then eluted from the column with 8ml acetonitrile and a portion [2 micro L] of the acetonitrile elute was then directly analyzed by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Unfortified blank controls were treated similarly. The resultant extracts contained the pesticide analytes [31.25 - 500 ng/g] that were free from interfering compounds when analyzed. Correlation coefficients for the 9 extracted pesticide standard curves [linear regression analysis, n = 5] ranged from 0.9957 + 0.0012 to 0.9999 + 0.0001. Average relative percentage recoveries [83 + 5.8 percent to 98 + 5.2 percent, n = 25 for each insecticide] inter assay [6.1 +3.2 percent to 15.9 + 6.7 percent, n = 25 for each insecticide] and intraassay [1.8 percent to 4.8 percent, n = 5 for each insecticide] variabilities were indicative of an acceptable methodology for the analysis and screening of these residues in chicken fat


Subject(s)
Animals , Chromatography, Gas/instrumentation , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Chickens
9.
Population Sciences. 1985; 6: 157-68
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-94915

ABSTRACT

Gas-liquid chromatography for short-chained organic acid metabolites of the microbial flora and quantitative anaerobic cultures were used to study the cause of nonspecific vaginitis. We analyzed vaginal fluid from normal ten women and from 25 women with nonspecific vaginitis. In normal vaginal fluid, lactate was the predominant acid, and the predominant organisms were lactobacillus and streptococcus species. In nonspecific vaginitis lactate was decreased, whereas succinate, acetate, butyrate and proprionate were increased. The predominant flora included Haemophilus vaginalis and Bacteroids


Subject(s)
Female , Chromatography, Gas/instrumentation , Chromatography, Liquid/instrumentation
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